This research project and its outputs were developed to provide public officials with scientific information needed to understand socioeconomic impacts potentially resulting from establishment of new Marine Protected Areas along the coast of Northern California The study revealed the full and intricate manner in which commercial and recreational fishing are linked to local communities and the regional economy, and it identified ways in detrimental MPA impacts could be minimized. Findings are based on analysis of archival information and in-depth interview work with hundreds of fishermen and participants in the industry support sectors.